Lesson 8 / 16

Lesson: traffic lights

Traffic lights look simple, but the exam asks about yellow, flashing lights, arrows and what to do when a police officer gives signals.

Last checked: November 2026

The three colours

  • Red: stop before the stop line.
  • Yellow: stop, unless you are so close that you can no longer stop safely.
  • Green: you may drive on, but you must still give way where the rules require it, for example to pedestrians when you turn.

Flashing yellow and lights that are off

A flashing yellow light, or a traffic light that is completely off, means: be careful. The light does not regulate traffic. Then signs, road markings and the general priority rules apply.

Arrows

  • A light with an arrow only applies to traffic going in the direction of the arrow.
  • Choose the right lane in time. On a lane with arrows on the road you must follow the direction of that lane.

Lights for buses and trams

Special lights with white stripes or dots are for buses and trams only. As a car driver you follow your own traffic light.

Order of rules

A police officer's signals come before traffic lights, and traffic lights come before signs and road markings. If an officer signals you to drive while your light is red, follow the officer.

All lessons

Lesson 1

Priority rules

Who may go first? Priority mistakes are among the most common reasons for failing the Dutch exam. Learn the rules in a fixed order.

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Lesson 2

Speed and distance

Know the speed limits, keep enough distance and understand how speed changes your stopping distance.

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Lesson 3

Road signs and markings

Once you understand the shapes and colours, most Dutch road signs are easy to read.

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Lesson 4

Motorway

Motorways are the safest roads in the Netherlands — if everybody follows the same rules.

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Lesson 5

Safety, alcohol and phone

These rules protect you, your passengers and other road users — and breaking them can cost you your licence.

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Lesson 6

Parking and stopping

Parking in the wrong place is expensive and can be dangerous. Learn the difference between stopping and parking, and where neither is allowed.

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Lesson 7

Cyclists and pedestrians

The Netherlands has more bicycles than people. Most exam mistakes with cyclists happen when turning, overtaking and opening a car door.

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Lesson 8

Traffic lights

Traffic lights look simple, but the exam asks about yellow, flashing lights, arrows and what to do when a police officer gives signals.

Lesson 9

Railway crossings and trams

A train cannot stop or swerve. At a level crossing (overweg) the rules are strict and mistakes are often fatal.

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Lesson 10

Weather and visibility

Dutch weather changes fast. Adjust your speed and distance to the conditions — that is also what the exam expects.

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Lesson 11

Hazard perception

Good drivers see danger before it happens. Learn to look ahead and decide in time: brake, release the accelerator, or do nothing.

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Lesson 12

Breakdowns and accidents

Stay calm and follow a fixed order: make it safe, get help, then deal with the paperwork.

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Lesson 13

Documents, insurance and APK

Besides traffic rules, the exam also asks what you must carry and arrange as a driver and car owner.

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Lesson 14

Lanes and merging

Choosing the right lane in time and merging smoothly prevent many dangerous situations.

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Lesson 15

Special roads and zones

Some roads and areas have their own rules. Signs at the start tell you that you enter them.

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Lesson 16

Economical driving

Driving economically saves fuel and money, is better for the environment and is often safer too.

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