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Lesson: road signs and markings

Once you understand the shapes and colours, most Dutch road signs are easy to read.

Last checked: November 2026

Shapes and colours

  • Round with a red border: a prohibition or restriction.
  • Round and blue: a command (something you must do), such as a mandatory cycle path.
  • Triangle pointing up with a red border: a warning for danger ahead.
  • Triangle pointing down: give way.
  • Square or rectangular and blue: information, such as a parking place or a one-way street.

Important prohibition signs

  • Red border, plain white centre: closed to all vehicles in both directions.
  • Red with a white horizontal bar: no entry from this side.
  • Blue with a red border and one red diagonal line: no parking.
  • Blue with a red border and a red cross: no stopping.

Information and command signs

  • Blue square with a white P: parking place.
  • Round blue sign with a white bicycle: mandatory cycle path — cars may not use it.
  • Blue sign with a house, a car and people: residential zone (erf). Walking pace, parking only in marked spaces.
  • Blue sign with a motorway symbol: start of the motorway (autosnelweg).

Road markings

  • Shark teeth (white triangles) pointing towards you: give way.
  • Continuous white line: do not cross. Broken white line: you may cross it when safe.
  • Continuous yellow line along the kerb: no stopping.
  • Broken yellow line along the kerb: no parking.

Electronic signs above the motorway

  • A red cross: the lane is closed. Change lanes in time.
  • A number in a red circle: binding maximum speed for that lane.

All lessons

Lesson 1

Priority rules

Who may go first? Priority mistakes are among the most common reasons for failing the Dutch exam. Learn the rules in a fixed order.

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Lesson 2

Speed and distance

Know the speed limits, keep enough distance and understand how speed changes your stopping distance.

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Lesson 3

Road signs and markings

Once you understand the shapes and colours, most Dutch road signs are easy to read.

Lesson 4

Motorway

Motorways are the safest roads in the Netherlands — if everybody follows the same rules.

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Lesson 5

Safety, alcohol and phone

These rules protect you, your passengers and other road users — and breaking them can cost you your licence.

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Lesson 6

Parking and stopping

Parking in the wrong place is expensive and can be dangerous. Learn the difference between stopping and parking, and where neither is allowed.

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Lesson 7

Cyclists and pedestrians

The Netherlands has more bicycles than people. Most exam mistakes with cyclists happen when turning, overtaking and opening a car door.

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Lesson 8

Traffic lights

Traffic lights look simple, but the exam asks about yellow, flashing lights, arrows and what to do when a police officer gives signals.

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Lesson 9

Railway crossings and trams

A train cannot stop or swerve. At a level crossing (overweg) the rules are strict and mistakes are often fatal.

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Lesson 10

Weather and visibility

Dutch weather changes fast. Adjust your speed and distance to the conditions — that is also what the exam expects.

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Lesson 11

Hazard perception

Good drivers see danger before it happens. Learn to look ahead and decide in time: brake, release the accelerator, or do nothing.

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Lesson 12

Breakdowns and accidents

Stay calm and follow a fixed order: make it safe, get help, then deal with the paperwork.

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Lesson 13

Documents, insurance and APK

Besides traffic rules, the exam also asks what you must carry and arrange as a driver and car owner.

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Lesson 14

Lanes and merging

Choosing the right lane in time and merging smoothly prevent many dangerous situations.

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Lesson 15

Special roads and zones

Some roads and areas have their own rules. Signs at the start tell you that you enter them.

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Lesson 16

Economical driving

Driving economically saves fuel and money, is better for the environment and is often safer too.

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