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Lesson: safety, alcohol and phone

These rules protect you, your passengers and other road users — and breaking them can cost you your licence.

Last checked: November 2026

Seat belts and children

  • Everyone must wear a seat belt in every seat that has one, front and back.
  • The driver is responsible for passengers under 18.
  • Children shorter than 1.35 m must use an approved child seat or booster seat. A baby never travels on someone's lap.
  • A rear-facing child seat on the front passenger seat: switch off the passenger airbag.

Alcohol and medicines

  • Experienced drivers: maximum 0.5 per mille (0.22 mg/l in breath).
  • Beginning drivers (first 5 years with a licence): maximum 0.2 per mille.
  • Refusing a breath test is a criminal offence.
  • Medicines with a yellow warning sticker can affect your driving. Read the leaflet and ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Phone

  • Holding a phone while driving is forbidden — also when you are stopped at a red light.
  • Hands-free calling is allowed, but keep it short.
  • Navigation is allowed with the phone in a fixed holder.

Lights and visibility

  • In the dark and in poor visibility use dipped headlights, also in lit streets and always in tunnels.
  • Full beam only when you do not dazzle anyone.
  • Rear fog light only when visibility is less than 50 metres because of fog or snowfall.

Your car and yourself

  • Minimum tread depth for car tyres: 1.6 mm. Winter tyres are not mandatory in the Netherlands.
  • Feeling tired? Stop in a safe place. Plan a break about every 2 hours.
  • Before opening your door, check your mirror and look over your shoulder for cyclists.

All lessons

Lesson 1

Priority rules

Who may go first? Priority mistakes are among the most common reasons for failing the Dutch exam. Learn the rules in a fixed order.

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Lesson 2

Speed and distance

Know the speed limits, keep enough distance and understand how speed changes your stopping distance.

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Lesson 3

Road signs and markings

Once you understand the shapes and colours, most Dutch road signs are easy to read.

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Lesson 4

Motorway

Motorways are the safest roads in the Netherlands — if everybody follows the same rules.

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Lesson 5

Safety, alcohol and phone

These rules protect you, your passengers and other road users — and breaking them can cost you your licence.

Lesson 6

Parking and stopping

Parking in the wrong place is expensive and can be dangerous. Learn the difference between stopping and parking, and where neither is allowed.

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Lesson 7

Cyclists and pedestrians

The Netherlands has more bicycles than people. Most exam mistakes with cyclists happen when turning, overtaking and opening a car door.

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Lesson 8

Traffic lights

Traffic lights look simple, but the exam asks about yellow, flashing lights, arrows and what to do when a police officer gives signals.

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Lesson 9

Railway crossings and trams

A train cannot stop or swerve. At a level crossing (overweg) the rules are strict and mistakes are often fatal.

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Lesson 10

Weather and visibility

Dutch weather changes fast. Adjust your speed and distance to the conditions — that is also what the exam expects.

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Lesson 11

Hazard perception

Good drivers see danger before it happens. Learn to look ahead and decide in time: brake, release the accelerator, or do nothing.

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Lesson 12

Breakdowns and accidents

Stay calm and follow a fixed order: make it safe, get help, then deal with the paperwork.

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Lesson 13

Documents, insurance and APK

Besides traffic rules, the exam also asks what you must carry and arrange as a driver and car owner.

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Lesson 14

Lanes and merging

Choosing the right lane in time and merging smoothly prevent many dangerous situations.

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Lesson 15

Special roads and zones

Some roads and areas have their own rules. Signs at the start tell you that you enter them.

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Lesson 16

Economical driving

Driving economically saves fuel and money, is better for the environment and is often safer too.

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